Geography and administration

• Hidrogeologi

  

   

  Surakarta is located in the lowlands at an altitude of 105 m above sea level and at the center of 95 m above sea level, with an area of ​​44.1 km2. Surakarta is about 65 km northeast of Yogyakarta and 100 km southeast of Semarang and surrounded by Merbabu and Mount Merapi (3115m high) in the west, and Mount Lawu (height 2806m) in the east. Farther south lies Sewu Mountains. The land around this town surrounded by fertile as Solo, the longest river in Java, with some tributaries. The spring water sourced from the slopes of Mount Merapi, which in total amounted to 19 locations, with a capacity of 3404 l / sec. The average altitude springs are 800-1200 m above sea level. In the year 1890 - 1827 there were only 12 wells in Surakarta. Currently, underground water uptake ranged around 45 l / sec which is located at 23 points. Ground water sampling conducted by the industry and society, generally illegal and uncontrolled. [4] Until March 2006, PDAM Solo has a production capacity of 865.02 liters / sec. Raw water comes from springs Cokrotulung, Klaten (387 liters / sec) which is located 27 km from the city of Solo with elevation 210.5 above sea level and that comes from 26 wells in, among others in Banjarsari, with a total capacity of 478 , 02 liters / sec. In addition, the total capacity amounts to 9140 m3.Dengan resevoir existing capacity, PDAM Surakarta able to serve 55.22% of the people of Surakarta including hinterland regions with average usage m3/bulan 22.42. [5] Solo is sandy soil with high mineral composition of young as a result of volcanic activity of Merapi and Lawu. This composition, coupled with the availability of water is quite abundant, causing lowland is very good for cultivation of food crops, vegetables, and industry, such as tobacco and sugarcane. However, since last 20 years of manufacturing and tourism industry developed rapidly so that many land use changes to industrial activity and housing residents.

• Climate and topography

  According to the Koppen climate classification, climate Surakarta has a tropical monsoon. Just like other cities in Indonesia, in Solo rainy season starting from October to March, and the dry season in April hinggal September. Average rainfall is 2200 mm in Solo, and the highest rainfall months are December, January, and February. Temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the year, with an average temperature of 30 degrees Celsius.

  Data iklim untuk Surakarta
  Bulan	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	Mei	Jun	Jul	Ags	Sep	Okt	Nov	Des	Tahun
  Rata-rata tertinggi °C (°F)	28.9 (84)	28.9 (84)	29.4 (85)	30.6 (87)	30 (86)	30 (86)	29.4 (85)	30 (86)	30.6 (87)	31.1 (88)	30 (86)	29.4 (85)	30 (86)
  Rata-rata terendah °C (°F)	22.2 (72)	22.2 (72)	22.2 (72)	22.2 (72)	22.2 (72)	21.1 (70)	20.6 (69)	20.6 (69)	21.7 (71)	22.2 (72)	22.2 (72)	22.2 (72)	21,7 (71)
  Presipitasi mm (inches)	350 (13.78)	330 (12.99)	210 (8.27)	210 (8.27)	120 (4.72)	80 (3.15)	40 (1.57)	20 (0.79)	30 (1.18)	90 (3.54)	220 (8.66)	340 (13.39)	2.180 (85,83)

   

• Administrative boundaries

  Surakarta regency bordering with Karanganyar and Boyolali district in the north, and Sukoharjo Karanganyar District in the east and west, and Sukoharjo district in the south. In each city there are limits palace gate which was founded around the year 1931 - 1932 during the reign of Kasunanan Pakubuwono X in Surakarta. Palace Gate was founded as an entrance gate at the same time limiting the capital of the Kingdom of Kasunanan (Solo) with the surrounding area. Palace Gate is not only founded on the connecting road, but also founded on the edge of the Solo River which at that time into the dock and the crossings (at Mojo / Silir).
  Size palace gate consists of two sizes of large and small. Palace gate size was set in a big way. Palace gate size can be seen in Grogol (south), Kerten, and Jurug (east). While the small size of the palace gate can be seen in the RS Cage Beef (north), road directions in Solo Tray New (south), Makamhaji (west), and the Mojo / Silir. Gate Palace also has the inscription of the founders and the time of establishment gate.

• Subdivisions

  Surakarta and surrounding districts, Karanganyar, Sukowati, Wonogiri, Sukoharjo, Klaten, Boyolali, collectively are often referred to as ex-residency of Surakarta. Surakarta is divided into 5 districts, each headed by a district and 51 villages, each headed by a headman. The five districts in Surakarta is:
  
       * District Jebres (57 120): 11 villages
       * District Banjarsari (57 130): 13 villages
       * District Lawiyan (also called Laweyan, 57 140): 11 keluarhan
       * District Serengan (57 150): 7 villages

• Satellite town

  Surakarta and its satellite cities (Kartasura, Solo Baru, Palur, Colomadu, Tray, Ngemplak) is another area that integrate with one another. Solo Raya region is unique in its own area of ​​the city of Surakarta, who was only 44 square kilometers and is surrounded by the cities, each buffer area approximately half of the area directly bordering the city of Surakarta and form a single unit of a centralized urban area.
  New Solo (soba) is a region divided from the city of Solo. [citation needed] New Solo apart as one of the satellite town of Surakarta is also a residential area for workers or the perpetrators of economic activity in the area of ​​Surakarta. On New Solo there are many moderate and luxury housing, therefore the New Solo is also the elite residential areas. On New Solo also has a supermarket Carrefour. Pandavas Waterboom Waterboom which is the largest in Central Java and Yogyakarta, located in this region. Although included in the region Sukoharjo but economically and politically closer to New Solo Surakarta, because the location of the city directly adjacent to the city of Surakarta, and even had no discourse about the merger of the region around the satellite town of Surakarta including New Solo to put in territory. The total area of ​​Surakarta city and its buffer areas is currently around 150 km ² with a population of about 1 million inhabitants. wikipedia.org